Optimizing Pump Selection for Efficient Watering

Using wells and pumps for watering crops can be expensive. They need to be used carefully to save energy, especially when pumping water. To do this well, it's important to choose the right pump for the field based on factors like the type of watering needed, the well or water source, the available power, and the economic situation of the people using it. Matching the well and pump characteristics helps get the most power while using energy wisely.

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION

      I.        Peak Water Requirement  (Discharge -D)

    II.        Yield or water source  (T-L/S)

   III.        Availability of Power ( H.P)

 WATER REQUIREMENT, V IN L/D

Ø  It is the maximum quantity of water required in liters/day to meet the daily requirements and pumping rate in L/S.

Ø  It is calculated by V/ (T*3600) where, T—Average pumping hours.

YIELD OR WATER SOURCE

Ø  It is the recuperation rate at which water recharges into the well and its maximum rate at which water can be pumped out under steady drawdown conditions.

Other Details:

                      i.        Type of water source(Well/Sump/Bore/River)

                     ii.        Static water level below ground level(Water level when pump is switched OFF

                    iii.        Dynamic water level below ground level(Expected water level when pump is switched ON)

                   iv.        Expected low water level in summer seasons

                    v.        Vertical elevation from water source and discharge point

                   vi.        Number of fittings (i.e. Tees, Elbows, Bends etc...)

AVAILABILITY OF POWER (H.P)

 Ø  It is Quantitate or Qualitative data on the power available for pumping the water out from the water source. This includes Phase, Sanctioned H.P, Frequency and two or three phase power supply and time of the power available.

Other Details:

                      i.        Main Line to Starter distance

                     ii.        Starter to Pumpset Distance.

SELECTION PROCEDURE

 Step-1:- Discharge Calculation, Q

 V -> Maximum Crop water requirement in liters

A -> Area of cropping in m2

T -> Allowable water filling time in sec (Considering power availability in hrs.)

 Required pumping rate, Q = V/T or (D*A*10)/T

 Step-2:- Comparison of discharge, Q and selection of pump size

 Step-3:- Total Head Calculation, H

 Suction Head, (Hs)

Length and size of suction pipe equivalent to length of pipe of the fittings.

Note: Suction Head for submersible pumps is zero

 Delivery Head, (Hd)

Length and size of delivery pipe equivalent to length of pipe of the fittings.

(Refer to friction loss chart or friction value, For Hd for 100m length of delivery pipe against discharge Q, and existing pipe size.

  Total Head, H = Hs + Hd + Hf +He

 Hf—Fitting Loss in entire pipeline system (Refer to fitting loss table)

He—Exist pressure head at discharge point as required.

 OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING THE PUMP PERFORMANCE: (after installation)

 1.    Suction head variation

2.    Dynamic water level (i.e.., drawdown variation)

3.    Condition of existing pipeline system

4.    Recharge rate of water in water source

5.    Frequency and voltage conditions.


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